As the Convener for the topic of Pain, I was allowed to organise two Scientific Sessions and one Teaching Course. I considered this by all means adequate, given the small popularity of the subject of Pain, when compared with more traditional fields of neurology. On the other hand, the Congress organisers and the WFN are aware that the social-economic burden of chronic pain has become the first source of cost both in US and EU, and that only neurologists have the adequate information to understand physiology and pathophysiology of the nociceptive system. I tried to provide advanced information on the latest developments on the clinical approach to pain (mostly neuropathic pain but also important issues such as low-back pain and cancer pain) and their treatment.